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- ACARS.txt AIRLINE TRACKING WITH APRSair.exe
-
- Some TNC's have modems for extracting the airline company packets on the
- aircraft VHF band. APRSair.exe will monitor such a TNC on its
- SECOND comm port and do the following additional functions:
-
- All ACARS packets are added to the L-LIST
- The standard ACARS packet header will be placed on the D-LIST
- If a LAT/LONG string is recognized, it will be placed on the P-LIST
- and plotted on the map.
-
- A posit is assumed to be the letters N, S, E and W with the right number
- of characters in between. They may be the current location of the aircraft
- or future Waypoints, I dont know. Also I don't compute the checksum and
- these packets often have errors. Control characters are converted to a "*"
- so that they do not trash up the screens. If you have any details to help
- in this effort, please forward them to me.
-
- ACARS REPORTING ON APRS: In the latest APRSair, you can now automatically
- link these reports over to the APRS network. If you have a normal APRS TNC
- on COMM 1 and use the alt-S-MODES-REPORT toggle to ON, then each aircraft
- POSIT will be transmitted out of your TNC onto the APRS channel to the
- address of ACARS. Other APRS stations will NOT normally capture these
- packets unless they set CONTORLS-FILTERS-OTHER or unless they set ALT-S-
- MODES-ALTNET and choose the altnet of ACARS... This separation of the
- traffic allows both ACARS and APRS to share the same channel...
-
-
-
- BE SURE TO KEEP THE RADIO VOLUME LOW and the SQUELCH OPEN. If the volume
- is too high, then NOISE will look like packets!
-
- Unregistered users of APRSair will only see the latest single data packet.
- Registered APRS users will see ONE PAGE of such plots. If you want to
- see more than just the one page, you must be a fully registered APRS user
- with the DF/DR option...
-
- Since the ACARS TNC is on the second COMM port, normal APRS operations
- can continue on the first COMM port. You can use the P-LIST to HOOK and
- UPLINK selected aircraft to the APRS net.. The following is additional
- information provided by PA0DAL:
-
- Harderwijk The Netherlands
- Date : 31 January 1996
- From : PAODAL
- To : acars @ ww
-
- Herewith a short description of the ACARS messages and what seems
- to be the defacto message frame decoding standard adopted by both AEA
- and LOWE, (it may be even follow the ARINC characteristic 597-5).
-
- ACARS-Frequencies
-
- Europe 131.725
- US. 131.550,130.025,129.125 MHz
- Asia 131.450
- Air Canada 131.475
-
-
- INTRODUCTION to ACARS
-
- "Aircraft Communications Adressing and Reporting System"
-
-
- For Ham radio operators an SWL's, ACARS can be regarded as a
- commercial type of packet radio communications. The ACARS sig-
- nal uses a 2400 baud message data bit stream to differentially
- AM modulate the transmitter carrier using 1200 and 2400 Hz tones.
-
- A 1200 Hz tone idicates a bit change from the previous bit and a
- 2400 Hz tone indicates there was no bit change. AM modulation is
- used, a practice consitent with the historical use of AM voice
- mode on the aircraft bans sinds the early days of radio.
- The signal is phase coherent.
-
- Each message frame consists of at least 50, and up to a maximum
- of 272 characters or bytes. Each charachter uses a 7 bit ACSII code
- with an additional eighth parity bit. This results in a total message
- transmission duration of between 0.17 and 0.91 seconds.
-
- The message frame format is rigidly defined to include synchroni-
- zation, address, acknowledgment, mode and error checking characters,
- in addition to the actual message text. Imbedded message label charac-
- ters indicate the type of message. The exact message format is shown
- below, the higlighted characters represent parts of the message that
- AEA ACARS actually displays on the screen and/or saves to disk (most
- others are nonprinting characters):
-
- #characters Purpose Comments
- 16 Pre-key Xmitter warm-up/Rx AGC adjustment
- 2 Bit sync establish bit synchronisation
- 2 character sync establish character synch
- 1 SOH indicate start of message
- * 1 Mode ground system interface configuration
- * 7 Address aircraft resgistration number
- 1 Ack/Nak acknowledge/non-acknowledge marker
- * 2 Label type of message
- * 1 Block ID message block number
- 1 STX indicates start of message text
- * 4 Sequence# message sequence number**
- * 6 Flight number airline flight number**
- * 210 Text message text
- 1 ETX indicates end of text
- 16 Block Check Seq error dedection polynominal value
- 1 BCS suffix last character
-
- *)highlighted text
- **)air-ground message only
- t
- The sixteen pre-key characters ar all binary 1 values, resulting in
- the 0.05 second 2400 Hz beep you hear at the start of every message.
- The Block Check Sequence field contains the value of an error dedection
- polynominal that can be used to determine if the entire message was re-
- ceived free of errors. detailed documents nored in the Reference section
- of thes manual. Although none of theACARS traffic is encrypted, most
- systems include design provisions for doing so. Etc. Etc.
-
- source: a packet radio message
-
- 73s Bert van Dalen
- pa0dal @ pi8utr
-